Optimism Dumps Optimistic Rollups, Launches Pessimistic Rollups

Optimism abandons Optimistic Rollups, citing Ethereum Layer 1 limits and fee floors. Transaction costs dropped from $100 to $1 but remain insufficient. New Pessimistic Rollups stop posting calldata on L1, only publishing transaction results, slashing fees near zero. Security shifts fully decentralized—users can revoke transactions. Optimism also rebrands as “Pessimism.” They integrate EIP-4844, calldata compression, and seek new hires.